Barcode Symbology Reference
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Code 39
Code39 is a symbology that is widely used in industrial bar code applications.
It is discrete, self-checking, variable length symbology that can be printed
readily by a variety of technologies.
Code 39 ASCII
Code39 supports 43 data characters but it is possible to encode all 128 ASCII
characters using Code39's Full ASCII feature. This symbology is also known as
Code 39 Extended.
Code 93
Code 93 is specifically designed to provide a high-density complement to Code39.
The Code 93 symbols consist of a start code followed by an arbitrary length
data region, followed by two check characters(the 'C' and 'K' check characters)
and a stop character.
Code 128
Code 128 not only gives you the ability to encode all 128 ASCII characters, when
encoding numbers only, it can actually encode them more densely than other
barcodes. It is commonly used for certain shipping labels, primarily as defined
by the Uniform Code Council in their UCC-128 shipping container bar coding
standard. Code 128 supports three character sets and they can be summarized as
follows:
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Code A: The Full ASCII set, except for the 26
lower case letters.
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Code B: The Full ASCII set, except for the 26
"control" characters.
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Code C: Double-density numeric. This character set
is numeric-only, but any one character actually represents two digits.
Therefore, 100 of the 102 characters in code set C are used to represent the
100 two-character combinations from 00 through 99. If the specific character
set is not specified (ie you specify to just use Code128 instead of CODE128A),
SmartCodeStudio will choose the most optimal character set or even use a
combination of the character sets to encode your data efficiently.
DataMatrix
Data Matrix is a two-dimensional matrix symbology which is made up of square
modules arranged within a perimeter finder pattern. There are two types : ECC
000-140 with several available levels of convolutional error correction and ECC
200 which uses Reed-Solomon error correction. For new applications, ECC 200 is
recommended. SmartCodeStudio supports the new ECC200. Each Data Matrix symbol
consists of data regions, which contain nominally square modules set out in a
regular array. In larger ECC 200 symbols, data regions are separated by
alignment patterns. The data region is surrounded by a finder pattern. Data
Matrix supports both square and rectangle shape symbol.
Industrial 2 of 5 (Standard 2 of 5)
Standard 2 of 5 is a low-density numeric symbology that has been with us since
the 1960s. It has been used in the photofinishing and warehouse sorting
industries, as well as sequentially numbering airline tickets. The symbology is
called "2 of 5" due to the fact that digits are encoded with 5 bars, 2 of which
are always wide (and the remaining three are narrow). Standard 2 of 5 is a very
simple symbology in that all encoding information is encoded in the width of
the bars. The spaces in the barcode exist only to separate the bars themselves.
Additionally, a bar may either be wide or narrow, a wide bar generally being 3
times as wide as a narrow bar. The exact size of the spaces is not critical,
but is generally the same width as a narrow bar.
Interleaved 2 of 5
Interleaved 2 of 5 is a higher-density version of 2 of 5. While it is reasonable
to support Standard 2 of 5 for legacy systems, new projects should seriously
consider using Interleaved 2 of 5 rather than Standard 2 of 5.
EAN13
The European Article Numbering system (abbreviated as EAN) is a superset of
U.P.C and was introduced about 1978. An EAN-13 symbol contains the same number
of bars as U.P.C Version A, but encodes a 13th digit from the character set
pattern of the left-hand six digits, in the same manner as the encodation of
the check digit in a U.P.C Version E symbol.
EAN8
An EAN-8 symbol is structured in the same manner as a U.P.C Version A, but with
only four digits encoded in each half. An EAN-8 symbol encodes two flag digits,
five data digits assigned for the product by the Country Coding Authority, and
one check digit.
ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
The "Bookland" barcode (ISBN) is really an EAN-13 barcode that follows a
specific format (prefix with a number system of 978) and is used exclusively
with books. The ISBN is a unique machine-readable identification number, which
marks any book unmistakably.
ISSN (International Standard Serial Number)
The ISSN is the standardized international code, which identifies any serial
publication independently of its country of origin, its language or alphabet,
or its frequency, medium, etc. ISSN barcode symbols begin with "977" followed
by the first seven characters of the ISSN. The last character in the symbol is
a check character, which is generated.
MSI
MSI was developed by the MSI Data Corporation, based on the original Plessey
Code. MSI, also known as Modified Plessey, is used primarily to mark retail
shelves for inventory control. MSI is a continuous, non-self-checking
symbology.
PDF417
PDF417 is a multirow, continuous, variable length symbology which has high data
capacity. Every symbol has between thee to ninety rows. Every symbol includes
at least two error correction codewords and this is selectable up to 512 Error
Codewords. The error correction codewords can be used to correct erasures
(where a character is undecodable) and actual errors(where the position and
value of a character is unknown).
Postnet
Postnet is widely used by the U.S Postal Service. It is a numeric symbology that
uses five bars and four spaces. A constant width and spacing is used throughout
the symbol. It is a clocked technology in which a scan through the bottom of
the bars provides a timing track.
Rational Codabar (aka Ames Code/USD-4/NW-7/2 of 7 Code)
Codabar was developed was developed in 1972 by Pitney Bowes, Inc. It is a
discrete, self-checking symbology that may encode 16 different characters, plus
an additional 4 start/stop characters. This symbology is used by U.S. blood
banks, photo labs, and on FedEx airbills.
RSS 14
RSS14 encodes the full 14-digit EAN.UCC item identification in a symbol that can
be omnidirectionally scanned by suitably configured point-of-sale laser
scanners.
RSS Limited
RSS Limited encodes a 14-digit EAN.UCC item identification with Indicator digits
of 0 or 1 in a small symbol that will not be scanned at the point of sale.
RSS Stacked
RSS-14 Stacked is a RSS-14 Truncated two-row formats. The top row is 5X high and
the bottom row is 7X high with a 1X high separator pattern between the two
rows. RSS Stacked Omnidirectional RSS-14 Omnidirectional is a full height
RSS-14 two row format. A 3X high separator patternseparate the symbol rows.
RSS Truncated
RSS-14 Truncated is structured and encoded the same as the standard RSS-14
format, except its height is reduced to a 13X minimum. It may be used for small
items, instead of RSs Limited, when an Indicator digit greater than one is
required. It is designed to be read by scanners such as wnads, handheld lasers,
and linear and CCD scanners. It cannot be read efficiently by
omnidirectional slot scanners.
UCC/EAN 128
UCC/EAN-128 was developed to provide a worldwide format and standard for
exchanging common data between companies. Other than encoding data, it also
encodes what that data represents. UCC/EAN-128 has a list of "Application
Identifiers" (AI). Each AI tells the system what kind of data will follow and
in what format. For example, AI 320 indicates that the data that follows is a
net weight in pounds. It is used to encode shipping/product information.
UPCA
U.P.C is designed to uniquely identify a product and its manufacturer. It is a
coding system as well as a symbology. It is the original coding system and
symbology developed for use in North America. U.P.C Version A is a 12 digit
code: the first six digits represent the number system character, and the
manufacturer of the labeled item, the next five digits are a unique product
identifier and the 12th digit is a check character, based on the previous 11
digits of data.
UPCE
U.P.C Version E (also known as the "zero suppression version") allows
manufactuers to encode a limited number of unique 12-digit product codes in six
digits. The six digits are enclosed between two left-hand guard bars and three
right-hand guard bars. The check character is encoded by the character set
pattern of the six data digits.
UPC Extension 2
UPC-A, UPC-E, EAN-13, and EAN-8 may all include an additional barcode to the
right of it. The additional barcode can be UPC Extension 2. 2-digit
supplemental barcodes should only be used with magazines, newspapers and other
such periodicals. The 2-digit supplement represent the issue number of the
magazine. This is useful so that the product code itself (contained in the main
barcode) is constant for the magazine such that each issue of the magazine
doesn't have to have its own unique barcode. Nevertheless, the 2-digit
supplement can be used to track which issue of the magazine is being sold,
perhaps for sales analysis or restocking purposes.
UPC Extension 5
5-digit supplemental barcodes are used on books to indicate a suggested retail
price.
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